Monga zoyendera zoyima, zikepe sizisiyanitsidwa ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ma elevator ndi gulu lofunika kwambiri la kugula kwa boma, ndipo pafupifupi tsiku lililonse pali ntchito zoposa khumi zogulira anthu. Kugulira zikepe kungapulumutse nthawi ndi mphamvu, kuwononga ndalama, komanso kupewa mikangano. Ndivuto lomwe wogula aliyense ndi bungwe liyenera kuliganizira. M'malo mwake, kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira pamwambapa, mumangofunika kulabadira zing'onozing'ono panthawi yonse yogula zinthu. M'magazini ino, tidzafotokozera mfundo khumi motsatira ndondomeko yogula zinthu.
1. Kutsimikiza kwa mtundu wa chikepe
Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yokonzekera nyumbayo, cholinga cha nyumbayi chiyenera kumveka bwino, chifukwa mitundu ya zikepe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mahotela, nyumba zaofesi, zipatala, nyumba kapena mafakitale ndi migodi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri, ndipo kamodzi zikatsimikiziridwa, Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kusintha kachiwiri. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nyumbayo kutsimikiziridwa, kuwunika kwakuyenda kwa okwera kumapangidwa molingana ndi malo omangira, pansi (kutalika), kutuluka kwa anthu omwe amalowa ndikutuluka, ndi malo anyumbayo momwe elevator ili, kuti adziwe kuthamanga kwa chikepe (liwiro locheperako liyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakutera moto) ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu ( Katundu akakwera galimoto yonyamula, makina okwera, makina ang'onoang'ono amanyamula, makina ang'onoang'ono okwera, makina okwera kwambiri, makina okwera. chipinda, makina opanda chipinda), mtundu wa makina okokera (zachikhalidwe cha turbine vortex ndi kulumikizana kwatsopano kokhazikika kwa maginito).
2.Kukonzekera kuyamba kugula pambuyo pa kuvomereza
Nthawi yogula ikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambe kugula mutakonzekera kuvomereza. Pambuyo pozindikira mtundu, liwiro, kuchuluka kwa katundu, kuchuluka kwa zikepe, kuchuluka kwa maimidwe, kutalika kwa sitiroko, ndi zina zambiri, mutha kuyika dipatimenti yomanga zomangamanga kuti ipange mapulani. Kwa ntchito zapachitukuko (makamaka shaft ya elevator), dipatimenti yokonza mapulani nthawi zambiri imakhala akatswiri. Opanga ma elevator amapereka mtundu womwewo wa zojambula zaumisiri wamba, ndikujambula zojambula zomangira anthu okwera pamakwerero ophatikizana ndi makwerero okwera omangira monga njerwa, kapangidwe ka konkire, kamangidwe ka njerwa kapena fupa lachitsulo. Kukula uku kumatengedwa kuti ndi kosunthika ndipo kumatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za opanga ambiri. Komabe, zofunikira za kukula kwa kamangidwe ka hoistway, chipinda cha makina ndi dzenje la opanga ma elevator osiyanasiyana akadali osiyana. Ngati wopangayo adatsimikiziridwa pasadakhale, mapangidwewo molingana ndi zojambula za wopanga wosankhidwa amatha kuchepetsa kuwononga malo ogwiritsira ntchito ndikuchepetsa vuto la zomangamanga m'tsogolomu. Ngati njira yokwerera ndi yayikulu, malowo amawonongeka; ngati hoistway ndi yaying'ono, opanga ena sangathe kuzikwaniritsa nkomwe, m'pofunika kuonjezera ndalama zopangira malinga ndi kupanga kosavomerezeka.
3. Kusankha koyenera kwa opanga ndi mitundu
Opanga ma elevator ndi mitundu mumitundu yayikulu eyiti padziko lapansi alinso ndi magiredi, pali gulu loyamba ndi gulu lachiwiri. Palinso makampani ambiri apakhomo. Elevator ndi ndalama. Mabizinesi amtundu womwewo amatha kusankhidwa malinga ndi bajeti yawo komanso momwe amapangira polojekiti. Ikhozanso kusankhidwa m'dera lalikulu, ndipo potsirizira pake mudziwe kuti ndi kalasi iti yomwe imachokera ku kusiyana kwa kusiyana. Palinso ogulitsa ndi othandizira m'ma elevator. Adzakhala ndi mitengo yokwera, koma angakwanitse kuyika ndalama. Kawirikawiri sankhani wopanga, kotero kuti khalidweli ndi lotsimikizika, utumiki ukhoza kupeza muzu, koma mawu olipira ndi ovuta kwambiri. Mchitidwe wamakampaniwo umafunika kulipidwa pasadakhale, kulipira kwathunthu kapena kulipira koyambira musanatumize. Fakitale ya elevator idzakhala ndi chiphaso chofunikira chabizinesi, chiphaso chopanga ma elevator, ndi zikalata zothandizira monga chiyeneretso chamakampani omanga ndi satifiketi yovomerezeka yotetezedwa.
4. The mawonekedwe n'zosavuta kusamutsa
Kuyika kwa ma elevator a mawonekedwe amalumikizana kwambiri ndi gawo lomanga la makontrakitala (zomanga ndi kukhazikitsa), gawo loteteza moto, ndi gawo lamagetsi lofooka. Maonekedwe apakati pa awiriwa ayenera kufotokozedwa momveka bwino, ndipo zomangamanga ziyenera kuperekedwa.
5. Chifukwa chofunika kusankha elevator ntchito
Fakitale iliyonse ya elevator ili ndi tebulo logwirira ntchito, ndipo ogwira ntchito ogula amafunika kumvetsetsa ntchito zake. Ntchito zina ndizovomerezeka ndipo sizingasinthidwe. Ntchito zina ndizofunikira pa elevator, ndipo sipadzakhala kusankha. Zina ndizothandiza, zosafunikira, mutha kusankha. Sankhani mawonekedwe potengera momwe projekiti ilili. Ntchito zambiri, zimakwera mtengo, koma sizofunikira. Makamaka, ntchito ya elevator yopanda malire, mapulojekiti okhalamo, palibe chofunikira pakuvomerezedwa komaliza, chizolowezi chokhazikika sichiyenera kuganiziridwa, kwa elevator ya machira, mapangidwe apangidwe ali ndi zofunikira zovomerezeka. Pazomangamanga zapagulu, zida zofikira ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Makonzedwe a batani la elevator, kuti muganizire kusavuta, kukongola, komanso lingalirani za chidwi cha anthu aku China ndi akunja ku manambala ena, 13, 14 ndi zina ndi zilembo m'malo mwake. Panthawi yotsatsa, wopanga zikepe amafunikira kuti atchule zosankha zosiyanasiyana posankha mtunduwo.
6. Chotsani mikangano yopewa mtengo
Mtengo wonse wa polojekiti ya elevator uyenera kuphatikizira mitengo yonse ya zida, ndalama zoyendera, mitengo (pamakwerero), chindapusa cha inshuwaransi, ndalama zoyikira, zolipiritsa ndi opanga kudzipereka kwa eni ake kugulitsa zisanachitike, chitsimikiziro cha malonda ndi zina zofananira, koma apa pakufunika kufotokoza, mu fakitale Pamene dipatimenti yomanga ikupereka zikweto zomalizidwa ndi zovomerezeka zomwe mwiniwake wa nyumbayo ayenera kukhala nazo. chindapusa cholembetsa, chindapusa choyendera kuvomereza kuyika, ndalama zoyendera moto (zida), komanso chindapusa chapachaka choyendera chikepe. Ndalama zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, zonse zoperekedwa ndi zofunikira ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa mgwirizano momwe zingathere, ndipo kuchotsa maudindo a onse awiri m'makalata olembedwa ndi njira yabwino yopewera mikangano. Panthawi yotsatsa, opanga ma elevator amayenera kunena za mtengo wovala zigawo ndi zokonza. Mtengo wa dipatimentiyi umakhudzanso mtengo wogwirira ntchito m'tsogolo, ndipo kampani ya katunduyo ikukhudzidwa kwambiri.
7. Kukonzekera nthawi yobereka
Mwiniwake atha kupempha wopanga elevator kuti afotokoze tsiku loperekera momwe ntchito yomanga nyumbayo ikuyendera. Tsopano nthawi yoperekera katundu wamba imatenga miyezi iwiri ndi theka mpaka miyezi inayi, ndipo zida za elevator zomangira zimayikidwa bwino mnyumbamo. Ndikoyenera kusokoneza ma cranes akunja a nsanja. Ngati ifika izi zisanachitike, zidzachititsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusungirako ndi kusunga, ndipo pambuyo pake, padzakhala ndalama zokweza ndi kusamalira zachiwiri. Kawirikawiri, fakitale ya elevator idzakhala ndi nthawi yosungiramo kwaulere kwa nthawi inayake. Ngati sichiperekedwa panthawiyi, fakitale idzalipiritsa ndalama zina.
8.Ikani elevator mu maulalo akuluakulu atatu
Chokwezera chabwino, tiyenera kuwongolera maulalo akulu atatu otsatirawa (omwe amatchedwanso magawo atatu).
Choyamba, mtundu wa zida za elevator, zomwe zimafuna opanga ma elevator kuti atsimikizire mtundu wazinthu zawo; popeza ma elevator ndi zida zapadera, mtundu wamakampani omwe ali ndi ziphaso zopanga nthawi zambiri ulibe mavuto akulu, koma kulimba ndi kukhazikika kumasiyana.
Chachiwiri ndi kulabadira mlingo wa unsembe ndi ntchito. Ubwino wa unsembe ndi wofunika kwambiri. Gulu loyika la fakitale iliyonse yama elevator kwenikweni ndi yawoyawo kapena mgwirizano wanthawi yayitali. Palinso zowunika. Ntchitoyi nthawi zambiri imayendetsedwa ndi fakitale ya elevator.
Chachitatu, ntchito yogulitsa pambuyo pogulitsa, elevator ikagulitsidwa, pamakhala gulu lokonza akatswiri lomwe limayang'anira. Fakitale ya elevator isayina mgwirizano wokonza ndi kampani ya katundu, zomwe zimatsimikizira kupitiliza kwa ntchito ya fakitale ya elevator. Kukonzekera koyenera komanso panthawi yake ndikuwongolera kumapangitsa kuti elevator ikhale yabwino. Chifukwa chake, koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, dzikolo lidapereka chikalata chofiira ndi Unduna wa Zomangamanga, chofotokoza momveka bwino kuti zida za elevator zimapangidwa ndi ntchito ya "one-stop" ya wopanga, ndiye kuti, opanga ma elevator amatsimikizira, kuyika, kukonza, ndikusunga zida za elevator zopangidwa ndi chikepe. Wodalirika.
9. Kuvomereza kwa elevator sikophweka
Ma elevator ndi zida zapadera, ndipo State Bureau of Technical Supervision ili ndi njira yovomerezera, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi udindo wachitetezo, komanso amakhala otanganidwa ndi zoyendera. Choncho, mwiniwake ndi woyang'anira gawo ayenera kuchita mosamalitsa kuvomereza unpacking, kuwunika ndondomeko, kuvomereza zobisika, kuvomereza ntchito ndi zina zotero. Iyenera kufufuzidwa ndikuvomerezedwa molingana ndi njira zovomerezera chikepe ndi ntchito zomwe zatsimikiziridwa mu mgwirizano, ndi kuvomereza kwa elevator imodzi ya elevator imodzi.
10.Special munthu kulamulira elevator chitetezo
Kuyika ndi kutumizidwa kwa elevator kumalizidwa, kuvomereza kwamkati kumalizidwa, ndipo mikhalidwe yogwiritsira ntchito ikukwaniritsidwa. Malinga ndi malamulowo, chikepe sichiloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanda kuvomerezedwa ndi ofesi yoyang'anira luso, koma nthawi zambiri chikepe chakunja chaphwanyidwa panthawiyi, ndipo ntchito ina ya gulu lonse la phukusi silinamalizidwe, ndipo chikepe chamkati chikufunika. Elevator ndi makontrakitala wamkulu amasainira mgwirizano, gawo la elevator limakonza munthu wapadera kuti atsegule chikepe, ndipo gulu lonse la phukusi limagwiritsa ntchito chikepe malinga ndi zofunikira za chikepecho ndipo amalipira ndalama zake. Ntchitoyo ikamalizidwa, chitani kuyendera ndi kukonza mwatsatanetsatane. Ntchitoyi ikamalizidwa, kampani ya elevator imaperekedwa ku gawo lokonzekera, ndipo phukusi lonselo limaperekedwa kwa kampani ya katundu kuti iwayang'anire.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-07-2022